19 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
65b73bce68 Update to version 1.0.0-rc.3 2017-07-12 14:41:41 +01:00
80ce565080 Rebuild site with Google Analytics and tidy html 2017-07-10 19:26:31 +01:00
1f5b48f5f3 Add jekyll-tidy plugin for tidy HTML output 2017-07-10 19:22:47 +01:00
4f8f4d434d Add Google Analytics 2017-07-10 19:21:45 +01:00
33c90a3c1e Switch back to latest version of jekyll
We no longer have GitHub Pages render the jekyll site for us, but
rather we generate static html into the docs folder offline. Hence we
can use whatever jekyll version we want.
2017-07-10 19:21:37 +01:00
d2689d1c79 Rebuild site with compiled and digest suffixed assets 2017-07-09 21:42:49 +01:00
d3703dba89 Enable asset compression 2017-07-09 21:40:26 +01:00
cc198331c3 Use jekyll-assets for asset compilation 2017-07-09 21:30:19 +01:00
28c824ebb2 Add version 1.0.0-rc.2 2017-07-09 20:41:49 +01:00
f5b4d3c994 Remove 404.html from sitemap 2017-07-09 20:40:09 +01:00
6e96511e78 Update style 2017-07-09 20:39:56 +01:00
8a51061b61 Update and cleanup Rakefile 2017-07-09 20:39:35 +01:00
054e3ec0f4 CNAME file is required 2017-07-04 11:49:45 +01:00
aa3d03a4a4 Add docs directory 2017-07-04 11:48:34 +01:00
2e54b67e17 Build site locally into docs directory
GitHub Pages just doesn't want to render the markdown with Kramdown
the way we need. So instead of using GitHub Pages' jekyll rendering,
we'll simply render the site offset to static HTML in the docs
directory and inform GitHub Pages to use that.
2017-07-04 11:46:52 +01:00
38f557c49b Exclude various files not related to website from jekyll builds 2017-07-04 11:45:07 +01:00
dbd58eb80d Drop support for IE8 and earlier 2017-07-04 11:44:23 +01:00
02632bbf20 Actually enable the gem with our custom kramdown parser >_< 2017-07-04 10:18:01 +01:00
1216fa2bc0 Disable Kramdown's smart quotes and typographic symbols 2017-07-04 09:54:23 +01:00
36 changed files with 1930 additions and 623 deletions

2
.gitignore vendored
View File

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
_site _site
.asset-cache
.sass-cache .sass-cache
.jekyll-metadata .jekyll-metadata
docs/assets/.sprockets-manifest-*.json

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@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
--- ---
title: 404 Page Not Found title: 404 Page Not Found
sitemap: false
--- ---
<div class="header"> <div class="header">
<h1>404</h1> <h1>404</h1>

18
Gemfile
View File

@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
source 'https://rubygems.org' source 'https://rubygems.org'
# Hello! This is where you manage which Jekyll version is used to run. gem 'jekyll', '3.5.0'
# When you want to use a different version, change it below, save the
# file and run `bundle install`. Run Jekyll with `bundle exec`, like so:
#
# bundle exec jekyll serve
#
# This will help ensure the proper Jekyll version is running.
# Happy Jekylling!
# gem 'jekyll', '3.5.0'
# If you want to use GitHub Pages, remove the "gem "jekyll"" above and
# uncomment the line below. To upgrade, run `bundle update github-pages`.
gem 'github-pages', group: :jekyll_plugins
group :development do group :development do
gem 'rake' gem 'rake'
@@ -21,8 +9,12 @@ end
# If you have any plugins, put them here! # If you have any plugins, put them here!
group :jekyll_plugins do group :jekyll_plugins do
gem 'jekyll-assets'
gem 'jekyll-pants'
gem 'jekyll-seo-tag' gem 'jekyll-seo-tag'
gem 'jekyll-sitemap' gem 'jekyll-sitemap'
gem 'jekyll-tidy'
gem 'uglifier' # required by 'jekyll-assets' for JS compression
end end
# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem # Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem

View File

@@ -1,180 +1,65 @@
GEM GEM
remote: https://rubygems.org/ remote: https://rubygems.org/
specs: specs:
activesupport (4.2.8)
i18n (~> 0.7)
minitest (~> 5.1)
thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.4)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
addressable (2.5.1) addressable (2.5.1)
public_suffix (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.2) public_suffix (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.2)
ast (2.3.0) ast (2.3.0)
coffee-script (2.4.1)
coffee-script-source
execjs
coffee-script-source (1.12.2)
colorator (1.1.0) colorator (1.1.0)
ethon (0.10.1) concurrent-ruby (1.0.5)
ffi (>= 1.3.0)
execjs (2.7.0) execjs (2.7.0)
faraday (0.12.1) extras (0.3.0)
multipart-post (>= 1.2, < 3) forwardable-extended (~> 2.5)
fastimage (2.1.0)
ffi (1.9.18) ffi (1.9.18)
forwardable-extended (2.6.0) forwardable-extended (2.6.0)
gemoji (3.0.0) htmlbeautifier (1.3.1)
github-pages (141) htmlcompressor (0.3.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.8) jekyll (3.5.0)
github-pages-health-check (= 1.3.4)
jekyll (= 3.4.3)
jekyll-avatar (= 0.4.2)
jekyll-coffeescript (= 1.0.1)
jekyll-default-layout (= 0.1.4)
jekyll-feed (= 0.9.2)
jekyll-gist (= 1.4.0)
jekyll-github-metadata (= 2.4.0)
jekyll-mentions (= 1.2.0)
jekyll-optional-front-matter (= 0.1.2)
jekyll-paginate (= 1.1.0)
jekyll-readme-index (= 0.1.0)
jekyll-redirect-from (= 0.12.1)
jekyll-relative-links (= 0.4.1)
jekyll-sass-converter (= 1.5.0)
jekyll-seo-tag (= 2.2.3)
jekyll-sitemap (= 1.0.0)
jekyll-swiss (= 0.4.0)
jekyll-theme-architect (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-cayman (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-dinky (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-hacker (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-leap-day (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-merlot (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-midnight (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-minimal (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-modernist (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-primer (= 0.2.1)
jekyll-theme-slate (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-tactile (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-theme-time-machine (= 0.0.4)
jekyll-titles-from-headings (= 0.2.0)
jemoji (= 0.8.0)
kramdown (= 1.13.2)
liquid (= 3.0.6)
listen (= 3.0.6)
mercenary (~> 0.3)
minima (= 2.1.1)
rouge (= 1.11.1)
terminal-table (~> 1.4)
github-pages-health-check (1.3.4)
addressable (~> 2.3)
net-dns (~> 0.8)
octokit (~> 4.0)
public_suffix (~> 2.0)
typhoeus (~> 0.7)
html-pipeline (2.6.0)
activesupport (>= 2)
nokogiri (>= 1.4)
i18n (0.8.4)
jekyll (3.4.3)
addressable (~> 2.4) addressable (~> 2.4)
colorator (~> 1.0) colorator (~> 1.0)
jekyll-sass-converter (~> 1.0) jekyll-sass-converter (~> 1.0)
jekyll-watch (~> 1.1) jekyll-watch (~> 1.1)
kramdown (~> 1.3) kramdown (~> 1.3)
liquid (~> 3.0) liquid (~> 4.0)
mercenary (~> 0.3.3) mercenary (~> 0.3.3)
pathutil (~> 0.9) pathutil (~> 0.9)
rouge (~> 1.7) rouge (~> 1.7)
safe_yaml (~> 1.0) safe_yaml (~> 1.0)
jekyll-avatar (0.4.2) jekyll-assets (2.3.2)
jekyll (~> 3.0) concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
jekyll-coffeescript (1.0.1) extras (~> 0.2)
coffee-script (~> 2.2) fastimage (~> 2.0, >= 1.8)
jekyll-default-layout (0.1.4) jekyll (~> 3.1, >= 3.0)
jekyll (~> 3.0) pathutil (>= 0.8)
jekyll-feed (0.9.2) rack (~> 1.6)
jekyll (~> 3.3) sprockets (~> 3.3, < 3.8)
jekyll-gist (1.4.0) jekyll-pants (0.2.1)
octokit (~> 4.2) rubypants
jekyll-github-metadata (2.4.0)
jekyll (~> 3.1)
octokit (~> 4.0, != 4.4.0)
jekyll-mentions (1.2.0)
activesupport (~> 4.0)
html-pipeline (~> 2.3)
jekyll (~> 3.0)
jekyll-optional-front-matter (0.1.2)
jekyll (~> 3.0)
jekyll-paginate (1.1.0)
jekyll-readme-index (0.1.0)
jekyll (~> 3.0)
jekyll-redirect-from (0.12.1)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-relative-links (0.4.1)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-sass-converter (1.5.0) jekyll-sass-converter (1.5.0)
sass (~> 3.4) sass (~> 3.4)
jekyll-seo-tag (2.2.3) jekyll-seo-tag (2.2.3)
jekyll (~> 3.3) jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-sitemap (1.0.0) jekyll-sitemap (1.0.0)
jekyll (~> 3.3) jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-swiss (0.4.0) jekyll-tidy (0.2.2)
jekyll-theme-architect (0.0.4) htmlbeautifier
jekyll (~> 3.3) htmlcompressor
jekyll-theme-cayman (0.0.4) jekyll
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-dinky (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-hacker (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-leap-day (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-merlot (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-midnight (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-minimal (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-modernist (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-primer (0.2.1)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-slate (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-tactile (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-theme-time-machine (0.0.4)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-titles-from-headings (0.2.0)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
jekyll-watch (1.5.0) jekyll-watch (1.5.0)
listen (~> 3.0, < 3.1) listen (~> 3.0, < 3.1)
jemoji (0.8.0) kramdown (1.14.0)
activesupport (~> 4.0) liquid (4.0.0)
gemoji (~> 3.0) listen (3.0.8)
html-pipeline (~> 2.2) rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
jekyll (>= 3.0) rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
kramdown (1.13.2)
liquid (3.0.6)
listen (3.0.6)
rb-fsevent (>= 0.9.3)
rb-inotify (>= 0.9.7)
mercenary (0.3.6) mercenary (0.3.6)
mini_portile2 (2.2.0)
minima (2.1.1)
jekyll (~> 3.3)
minitest (5.10.2)
multipart-post (2.0.0)
net-dns (0.8.0)
nokogiri (1.8.0)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.2.0)
octokit (4.7.0)
sawyer (~> 0.8.0, >= 0.5.3)
parser (2.4.0.0) parser (2.4.0.0)
ast (~> 2.2) ast (~> 2.2)
pathutil (0.14.0) pathutil (0.14.0)
forwardable-extended (~> 2.6) forwardable-extended (~> 2.6)
powerpack (0.1.1) powerpack (0.1.1)
public_suffix (2.0.5) public_suffix (2.0.5)
rack (1.6.8)
rainbow (2.2.1) rainbow (2.2.1)
rake (12.0.0) rake (12.0.0)
rb-fsevent (0.10.2) rb-fsevent (0.10.2)
@@ -188,30 +73,30 @@ GEM
ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7) ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7)
unicode-display_width (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.1) unicode-display_width (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.1)
ruby-progressbar (1.8.1) ruby-progressbar (1.8.1)
rubypants (0.6.0)
safe_yaml (1.0.4) safe_yaml (1.0.4)
sass (3.4.24) sass (3.4.25)
sawyer (0.8.1) sprockets (3.7.1)
addressable (>= 2.3.5, < 2.6) concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
faraday (~> 0.8, < 1.0) rack (> 1, < 3)
terminal-table (1.8.0) uglifier (3.2.0)
unicode-display_width (~> 1.1, >= 1.1.1) execjs (>= 0.3.0, < 3)
thread_safe (0.3.6)
typhoeus (0.8.0)
ethon (>= 0.8.0)
tzinfo (1.2.3)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
unicode-display_width (1.3.0) unicode-display_width (1.3.0)
PLATFORMS PLATFORMS
ruby ruby
DEPENDENCIES DEPENDENCIES
github-pages jekyll (= 3.5.0)
jekyll-assets
jekyll-pants
jekyll-seo-tag jekyll-seo-tag
jekyll-sitemap jekyll-sitemap
jekyll-tidy
rake rake
rubocop rubocop
tzinfo-data tzinfo-data
uglifier
BUNDLED WITH BUNDLED WITH
1.14.6 1.14.6

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@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
require 'open-uri' require 'open-uri'
require 'yaml' require 'yaml'
desc 'Build site into docs directory'
task :build do
jekyll_build
end
desc 'Update index.md and spec folder based on versions in _config.yml' desc 'Update index.md and spec folder based on versions in _config.yml'
task :update do task :update do
config = YAML.load_file('_config.yml') config = YAML.load_file('_config.yml')
@@ -22,6 +27,13 @@ task :update do
write_file("#{filename}.md", spec[:body]) write_file("#{filename}.md", spec[:body])
write_file("#{filename}.svg", spec[:diagram]) if spec[:diagram] write_file("#{filename}.svg", spec[:diagram]) if spec[:diagram]
end end
jekyll_build
end
def jekyll_build
puts 'Rebuilding output into docs directory...'
exec 'jekyll build --destination docs && touch docs/.nojekyll'
end end
def write_file(file, content, comment = nil) def write_file(file, content, comment = nil)
@@ -30,15 +42,8 @@ def write_file(file, content, comment = nil)
end end
def fetch_spec(version, config) def fetch_spec(version, config)
doc_url = config['url_tpl'] document = get(build_file_url('document', version, config))
.gsub('{{version}}', version) diagram = get(build_file_url('diagram', version, config))
.gsub('{{file}}', config['files']['document'])
diagram_url = config['url_tpl']
.gsub('{{version}}', version)
.gsub('{{file}}', config['files']['diagram'])
document = get(doc_url)
diagram = get(diagram_url)
if diagram if diagram
img_tag = config['img_tpl'].gsub('{{file}}', "#{version}.svg") img_tag = config['img_tpl'].gsub('{{file}}', "#{version}.svg")
@@ -46,10 +51,9 @@ def fetch_spec(version, config)
end end
title = document.split("\n", 2).first title = document.split("\n", 2).first
body = config['body_tpl'] body = config['body_tpl'].gsub('{{content}}', document)
.gsub('{{title}}', title) .gsub('{{title}}', title)
.gsub('{{version}}', version) .gsub('{{version}}', version)
.gsub('{{content}}', document)
{ {
version: version, version: version,
@@ -59,15 +63,10 @@ def fetch_spec(version, config)
} }
end end
def fetch_document(url) def build_file_url(file, version, config)
response = get(url) config['url_tpl']
{ .gsub('{{version}}', version)
.gsub('{{file}}', config['files'][file])
body: response
}
end
def fetch_diagram(url)
end end
def get(url) def get(url)

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@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ ol ol, ul ol {
list-style-type: lower-roman; list-style-type: lower-roman;
} }
ul ul ol, ul ol ol, ol ul ol, ol ol ol {
list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}
.content { .content {
margin-top: 80px; margin-top: 80px;
} }

2
_assets/css/main.scss Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
@import "side-menu";
@import "base";

1
_assets/js/main.js Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
// = require ui

44
_assets/js/ui.js Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
(function (window, document) {
var layout = document.getElementById('layout');
var menu = document.getElementById('menu');
var menuLink = document.getElementById('menuLink');
var content = document.getElementById('main');
function toggleClass (element, className) {
var classes = element.className.split(/\s+/);
var length = classes.length;
var i = 0;
for (; i < length; i++) {
if (classes[i] === className) {
classes.splice(i, 1);
break;
}
}
// The className is not found
if (length === classes.length) {
classes.push(className);
}
element.className = classes.join(' ');
}
function toggleAll (e) {
var active = 'active';
e.preventDefault();
toggleClass(layout, active);
toggleClass(menu, active);
toggleClass(menuLink, active);
}
menuLink.onclick = function (e) {
toggleAll(e);
};
content.onclick = function (e) {
if (menu.className.indexOf('active') !== -1) {
toggleAll(e);
}
};
}(this, this.document));

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@@ -3,12 +3,21 @@ description: >
An attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common usage patterns of An attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common usage patterns of
git into a single and concise specification. git into a single and concise specification.
author: Jim Myhrberg author: Jim Myhrberg
hostname: commonflow.org
url: https://commonflow.org url: https://commonflow.org
current_version: 1.0.0-rc.1 current_version: 1.0.0-rc.3
versions: versions:
- 1.0.0-rc.3
- 1.0.0-rc.2
- 1.0.0-rc.1 - 1.0.0-rc.1
exclude:
- Gemfile
- Gemfile.lock
- Rakefile
- README.md
update: update:
body_tpl: | body_tpl: |
--- ---
@@ -23,9 +32,12 @@ update:
document: common-flow.md document: common-flow.md
diagram: common-flow.svg diagram: common-flow.svg
gems: plugins:
- jekyll-assets
- jekyll-pants
- jekyll-sitemap - jekyll-sitemap
- jekyll-seo-tag - jekyll-seo-tag
- jekyll-tidy
defaults: defaults:
- -
@@ -34,4 +46,12 @@ defaults:
values: values:
layout: "default" layout: "default"
assets:
digest: true
compress:
css: true
js: true
markdown: kramdown markdown: kramdown
kramdown:
input: Pantsdown # disable smart quotes typographic symbols

10
_includes/analytics.html Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
<script>
if (window.location.hostname == "{{ site.hostname }}") {
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-102330905-1', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
} else { _gaq = []; };
</script>

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@@ -6,12 +6,7 @@
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans+Condensed:700,300|Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,400,700' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans+Condensed:700,300|Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,400,700' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/purecss@1.0.0/build/pure-min.css" integrity="sha384-nn4HPE8lTHyVtfCBi5yW9d20FjT8BJwUXyWZT9InLYax14RDjBj46LmSztkmNP9w" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/purecss@1.0.0/build/pure-min.css" integrity="sha384-nn4HPE8lTHyVtfCBi5yW9d20FjT8BJwUXyWZT9InLYax14RDjBj46LmSztkmNP9w" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!--[if lte IE 8]> {% css main %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/main-old-ie.css">
<![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/main.css">
<!--<![endif]-->
{% seo %} {% seo %}
</head> </head>
<body> <body>
@@ -48,6 +43,7 @@
</div> </div>
</div> </div>
</div> </div>
<script src="/js/ui.js"></script> {% js main %}
{% include analytics.html %}
</body> </body>
</html> </html>

View File

@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
body {
color: #777;
}
.pure-img-responsive {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
/*
Add transition to containers so they can push in and out.
*/
#layout,
#menu,
.menu-link {
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
-moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
-ms-transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
-o-transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
}
/*
This is the parent `<div>` that contains the menu and the content area.
*/
#layout {
position: relative;
left: 0;
padding-left: 0;
}
#layout.active #menu {
left: 150px;
width: 150px;
}
#layout.active .menu-link {
left: 150px;
}
/*
The content `<div>` is where all your content goes.
*/
.content {
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 0 2em;
max-width: 800px;
margin-bottom: 50px;
line-height: 1.6em;
}
.header {
margin: 0;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
padding: 2.5em 2em 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
.header h1 {
margin: 0.2em 0;
font-size: 3em;
font-weight: 300;
}
.header h2 {
font-weight: 300;
color: #ccc;
padding: 0;
margin-top: 0;
}
.content-subhead {
margin: 50px 0 20px 0;
font-weight: 300;
color: #888;
}
/*
The `#menu` `<div>` is the parent `<div>` that contains the `.pure-menu` that
appears on the left side of the page.
*/
#menu {
margin-left: -150px;
/* "#menu" width */
width: 150px;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
z-index: 1000;
/* so the menu or its navicon stays above all content */
background: #191818;
overflow-y: auto;
-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
/*
All anchors inside the menu should be styled like this.
*/
#menu a {
color: #999;
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<h1 id="git-common-flow-100-rc3">Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.3</h1>
<p><img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.3.svg" width="100%" /></p>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<p>Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the <a href="http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html">original variant</a>
of <a href="https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/">GitHub Flow</a>, while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.</p>
<p>In short, Common-Flow is essentially GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, optional release branches, and without the requirement to deploy to
production all the time.</p>
<h2 id="terminology">Terminology</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Master Branch</strong> - Must be named "master", must always have passing tests,
and is not guaranteed to always work in production environments.</li>
<li><strong>Change Branches</strong> - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.</li>
<li><strong>Source Branch</strong> - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.</li>
<li><strong>Merge Target</strong> - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.</li>
<li><strong>Pull Request</strong> - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.</li>
<li><strong>Release</strong> - May be considered safe to use in production
environments. Consists of a version bump commit, and a git tag named according
to the new version string placed on said commit.</li>
<li><strong>Release Branches</strong> - Used both for short-term preparations of a release, and
also for long-term maintenance of older version.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="git-common-flow-specification-common-flow">Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)</h2>
<p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>.</p>
<ol>
<li>TL;DR
<ol>
<li>Don't break the master branch.</li>
<li>A release is a git tag.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>The Master Branch
<ol>
<li>A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".</li>
<li>The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.</li>
<li>The master branch IS NOT guaranteed to always work in production
environments. Despite test suites passing it may at times contain
unfinished work. Only releases may be considered safe for production use.</li>
<li>The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possibly ready for
release/production" state to reduce any friction with creating a new
release.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Change Branches
<ol>
<li>Each change (feature, bugfix, etc.) MUST be performed on separate
branches that SHOULD be referred to as "change branches". All change
branches MUST have descriptive names. It is RECOMMENDED that you commit
often locally, and you SHOULD regularly push your work to the same named
branch on the remote server.</li>
<li>You MUST create separate change branches for each distinctly different
change. You MUST NOT include multiple unrelated changes into a single
change branch.</li>
<li>When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target" branch, typically this will be the same
as the source branch.</li>
<li>Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch.</li>
<li>After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you to do a
force push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Pull Requests
<ol>
<li>To merge a change branch into its merge target, you MUST open a "pull
request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your changes.</li>
<li>A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.</li>
<li>To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, the RECOMMENDED way to do so is by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Versioning
<ol>
<li>The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.</li>
<li>If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.</li>
<li>The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<a href="http://semver.org/">http://semver.org/</a>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Releases
<ol>
<li>To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit which
changes the hard-coded version string of the project. The version bump
commit MUST have a git tag created on it and named as the exact version
string.</li>
<li>If you are not using a release branch, then the version bump commit MUST
be created directly on the master branch.</li>
<li>The version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"</li>
<li>The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". You
MUST not use a mix of "v" prefixed and non-prefixed tags. Pick one form
and stick to it.</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.</li>
<li>If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Any branch that has a name starting with "release-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "release branch".</li>
<li>Use of release branches is OPTIONAL.</li>
<li>Changes in a release branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place. One exception to this is version bump commits.</li>
<li>There are two types of release branches; short-term, and long-term.</li>
<li>Short-Term Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Used for creating a specific versioned release.</li>
<li>A short-term release branch is RECOMMENDED if there is a lengthy
pre-release verification process to avoid a code freeze on the master
branch.</li>
<li>MUST have a name of "release-VERSION". For example for version
"2.11.4" the release branch name MUST be "release-2.11.4".</li>
<li>When using a short-term release branch, the version bump commit and
release tag MUST be made directly on the release branch itself.</li>
<li>Only very minor changes should be performed on a short-term release
branch directly. Any larger changes SHOULD be done in the master
branch, and SHOULD be pulled into the release branch by rebasing it
on top of the master branch the same way a change branch pulls in
updates from its source branch.</li>
<li>After the version bump commit and release tag have been created, the
release branch MUST be merged back into its source branch and then
deleted. Typically the source branch will be the master branch.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Long-Term Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Used for work on versions which are not currently part of the master
branch. Typically this is useful when you need to create a new
maintenance release for a older version.</li>
<li>The branch name MUST have a non-specific version number. For example
a long-term release branch for creating new 2.9.x releases would be
named "release-2.9".</li>
<li>To create a new release from a long-term release branch, you MUST
create a version bump commit and release tag directly on the release
branch.</li>
<li>A long-term release branch MUST be created from the relevant release
tag. For example if the master branch is on version 2.11.4 and there
is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of which is
"2.9.7". Create a new branch called "release-2.9" off of the "2.9.7"
release tag. The security fix release will then end up being version
"2.9.8".</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Bug Fixes &amp; Rollback
<ol>
<li>You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch which has been merged into the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch is wrongfully merged into master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Git Best Practices
<ol>
<li>All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#_commit_guidelines">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#_commit_guidelines</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD never blindly commit all changes with "git commit -a". It is
RECOMMENDED you use "git add -i" to add individual changes to the staging
area so you are fully aware of what you are committing.</li>
<li>You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
regular "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<a href="https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/">https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing</a></li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the
commits, allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit,
and creates a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with
master.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="about">About</h2>
<p>The Git Common-Flow specification is authored
by <a href="http://jimeh.me">Jim Myhrberg</a>.</p>
<p>If you'd like to leave feedback,
please <a href="https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues">open an issue on GitHub</a>.</p>
<h2 id="license">License</h2>
<p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0</a></p>
</div>
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<h1 id="git-common-flow-100-rc1">Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.1</h1>
<p><img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.1.svg" width="100%" /></p>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<p>Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the <a href="http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html">original variant</a>
of <a href="https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/">GitHub Flow</a>, while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.</p>
<p>TL;DR: Common-Flow is basically GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, maintenance releases for old versions, and without the requirement to
deploy to production all the time.</p>
<h2 id="terminology">Terminology</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Master Branch</strong> - Must always have passing tests, is considered bleeding
edge, and must be named <code class="highlighter-rouge">master</code>.</li>
<li><strong>Change Branches</strong> - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.</li>
<li><strong>Source Branch</strong> - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.</li>
<li><strong>Merge Target</strong> - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.</li>
<li><strong>Maintenance Branches</strong> - Used for maintaining old versions and releasing
PATCH updates when the master branch has moved on. Should follow a
<code class="highlighter-rouge">stable-X.Y</code> naming pattern, where <code class="highlighter-rouge">X</code> is MAJOR version and <code class="highlighter-rouge">Y</code> is MINOR
version.</li>
<li><strong>Pull Request</strong> - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.</li>
<li><strong>Release</strong> - Consists of a version bump commit directly on the master branch,
and a git tag named according to the new version string placed on said commit.</li>
<li><strong>Maintenance Release</strong> - Just like a regular release, except the version bump
commit and release tag are on a maintenance branch instead of the master
branch.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="git-common-flow-specification-common-flow">Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)</h2>
<p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>.</p>
<ol>
<li>The Master Branch
<ol>
<li>A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".</li>
<li>The master branch MUST be considered bleeding edge.</li>
<li>The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.</li>
<li>The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possible ready for
release/production" state to reduce the friction of creating a new
release.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Changes
<ol>
<li>Changes MUST be performed on a separate branch that SHOULD be referred to
as a "change branch". All change branches MUST have descriptive names. It
is RECOMMENDED that you commit often locally, and you SHOULD regularly
push your work to the same named branch on the remote server.</li>
<li>When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target branch", typically this will be the same
as the source branch.</li>
<li>Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch. To be clear you MUST NOT merge a source branch into a
change branch.</li>
<li>After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you do a force
push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.</li>
<li>To merge a change branch into its merge target branch, you MUST open a
"pull request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your
changes.</li>
<li>A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.</li>
<li>To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, it is RECOMMENDED you do this by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Git Best Practices
<ol>
<li>All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
plain "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<a href="https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/">https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing</a></li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the commits,
allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit, and creates
a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with master.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Versioning
<ol>
<li>The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.</li>
<li>If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.</li>
<li>The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<a href="http://semver.org/">http://semver.org/</a>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Releases
<ol>
<li>To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit directly
on the master branch which changes the hard-coded version value of the
project. The version bump commit MUST have a git tag created on it and
named as the exact version string.</li>
<li>A version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"</li>
<li>The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4".</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.</li>
<li>If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Bug Fixes &amp; Rollback
<ol>
<li>You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch which has been merged in to the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch is wrongfully merged in to master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Maintenance Releases
<ol>
<li>Any branch that has a name starting with "stable-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "maintenance branch".</li>
<li>Maintenance branches are used for managing new releases of older
versions. Typically this is used to provide security updates for older
versions when the master branch has moved on to a point that a new
release for the old version cannot be made from the master branch.</li>
<li>A "maintenance release" is identical to a regular release, except the
version bump commit and the release tag are placed on the maintenance
branch instead of on the master branch.</li>
<li>A maintenance branch SHOULD follow a "stable-X.Y" naming pattern, where
"X" is the MAJOR version and "Y" is the minor version.</li>
<li>A maintenance branch MUST be created from the relevant release tag. For
example if there is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of
which is "2.9.7", we create a new branch called "stable-2.9" off of the
"2.9.7" release tag. The security fix release will then end up being
version "2.9.8".</li>
<li>When working on a maintenance release, the relevant maintenance branch
MUST be thought of as the master branch for that maintenance work.</li>
<li>Changes in a maintenance branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="about">About</h2>
<p>The Git Common-Flow specification is authored
by <a href="http://jimeh.me">Jim Myhrberg</a>.</p>
<p>If you'd like to leave feedback,
please <a href="https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues">open an issue on GitHub</a>.</p>
<h2 id="license">License</h2>
<p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0</a></p>
</div>
</div>
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<h1 id="git-common-flow-100-rc2">Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.2</h1>
<p><img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.2.svg" width="100%" /></p>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<p>Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the <a href="http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html">original variant</a>
of <a href="https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/">GitHub Flow</a>, while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.</p>
<p>TL;DR: Common-Flow is basically GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, maintenance releases for old versions, and without the requirement to
deploy to production all the time.</p>
<h2 id="terminology">Terminology</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Master Branch</strong> - Must always have passing tests, is considered bleeding
edge, and must be named <code class="highlighter-rouge">master</code>.</li>
<li><strong>Change Branches</strong> - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.</li>
<li><strong>Source Branch</strong> - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.</li>
<li><strong>Merge Target</strong> - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.</li>
<li><strong>Pull Request</strong> - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.</li>
<li><strong>Release</strong> - Consists of a version bump commit, and a git tag named according
to the new version string placed on said commit.</li>
<li><strong>Release Branches</strong> - Used both for short-term preparations of a release, and
also for long-term maintenance of older version.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="git-common-flow-specification-common-flow">Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)</h2>
<p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>.</p>
<ol>
<li>The Master Branch
<ol>
<li>A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".</li>
<li>The master branch MUST be considered bleeding edge.</li>
<li>The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.</li>
<li>The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possibly ready for
release/production" state to reduce any friction with creating a new
release.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Change Branches
<ol>
<li>Each change (feature, bugfix, etc.) MUST be performed on separate
branches that SHOULD be referred to as "change branches". All change
branches MUST have descriptive names. It is RECOMMENDED that you commit
often locally, and you SHOULD regularly push your work to the same named
branch on the remote server.</li>
<li>You MUST create separate change branches for each distinctly different
change. You MUST NOT include multiple unrelated changes into a single
change branch.</li>
<li>When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target" branch, typically this will be the same
as the source branch.</li>
<li>Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch.</li>
<li>After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you to do a
force push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Pull Requests
<ol>
<li>To merge a change branch into its merge target, you MUST open a "pull
request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your changes.</li>
<li>A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.</li>
<li>To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, the RECOMMENDED way to do so is by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Versioning
<ol>
<li>The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.</li>
<li>If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.</li>
<li>The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<a href="http://semver.org/">http://semver.org/</a>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Releases
<ol>
<li>To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit which
changes the hard-coded version string of the project. The version bump
commit MUST have a git tag created on it and named as the exact version
string.</li>
<li>If you are not using a release branch, then the version bump commit MUST
be created directly on the master branch.</li>
<li>The version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"</li>
<li>The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". You
MUST not use a mix of "v" prefixed and non-prefixed tags. Pick one form
and stick to it.</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.</li>
<li>If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Any branch that has a name starting with "release-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "release branch".</li>
<li>Use of release branches is OPTIONAL.</li>
<li>Changes in a release branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place. One exception to this is version bump commits.</li>
<li>There are two types of release branches; short-term, and long-term.</li>
<li>Short-Term Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Used for creating a specific versioned release.</li>
<li>A short-term release branch is RECOMMENDED if there is a lengthy
pre-release verification process to avoid a code freeze on the master
branch.</li>
<li>MUST have a name of "release-VERSION". For example for version
"2.11.4" the release branch name MUST be "release-2.11.4".</li>
<li>When using a short-term release branch, the version bump commit and
release tag MUST be made directly on the release branch itself.</li>
<li>Only very minor changes should be performed on a short-term release
branch directly. Any larger changes SHOULD be done in the master
branch, and SHOULD be pulled into the release branch by rebasing it
on top of the master branch the same way a change branch pulls in
updates from its source branch.</li>
<li>After the version bump commit and release tag have been created, the
release branch MUST be merged back into its source branch and then
deleted. Typically the source branch will be the master branch.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Long-Term Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Used for work on versions which are not currently part of the master
branch. Typically this is useful when you need to create a new
maintenance release for a older version.</li>
<li>The branch name MUST have a non-specific version number. For example
a long-term release branch for creating new 2.9.x releases would be
named "release-2.9".</li>
<li>To create a new release from a long-term release branch, you MUST
create a version bump commit and release tag directly on the release
branch.</li>
<li>A long-term release branch MUST be created from the relevant release
tag. For example if the master branch is on version 2.11.4 and there
is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of which is
"2.9.7". Create a new branch called "release-2.9" off of the "2.9.7"
release tag. The security fix release will then end up being version
"2.9.8".</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Bug Fixes &amp; Rollback
<ol>
<li>You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch which has been merged into the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch is wrongfully merged into master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Git Best Practices
<ol>
<li>All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD never blindly commit all changes with "git commit -a". It is
RECOMMENDED you use "git add -i" to add individual changes to the staging
area so you are fully aware of what you are committing.</li>
<li>You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
regular "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<a href="https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/">https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing</a></li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the
commits, allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit,
and creates a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with
master.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="about">About</h2>
<p>The Git Common-Flow specification is authored
by <a href="http://jimeh.me">Jim Myhrberg</a>.</p>
<p>If you'd like to leave feedback,
please <a href="https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues">open an issue on GitHub</a>.</p>
<h2 id="license">License</h2>
<p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0</a></p>
</div>
</div>
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<h1 id="git-common-flow-100-rc3">Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.3</h1>
<p><img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.3.svg" width="100%" /></p>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<p>Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the <a href="http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html">original variant</a>
of <a href="https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/">GitHub Flow</a>, while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.</p>
<p>In short, Common-Flow is essentially GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, optional release branches, and without the requirement to deploy to
production all the time.</p>
<h2 id="terminology">Terminology</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Master Branch</strong> - Must be named "master", must always have passing tests,
and is not guaranteed to always work in production environments.</li>
<li><strong>Change Branches</strong> - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.</li>
<li><strong>Source Branch</strong> - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.</li>
<li><strong>Merge Target</strong> - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.</li>
<li><strong>Pull Request</strong> - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.</li>
<li><strong>Release</strong> - May be considered safe to use in production
environments. Consists of a version bump commit, and a git tag named according
to the new version string placed on said commit.</li>
<li><strong>Release Branches</strong> - Used both for short-term preparations of a release, and
also for long-term maintenance of older version.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="git-common-flow-specification-common-flow">Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)</h2>
<p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>.</p>
<ol>
<li>TL;DR
<ol>
<li>Don't break the master branch.</li>
<li>A release is a git tag.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>The Master Branch
<ol>
<li>A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".</li>
<li>The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.</li>
<li>The master branch IS NOT guaranteed to always work in production
environments. Despite test suites passing it may at times contain
unfinished work. Only releases may be considered safe for production use.</li>
<li>The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possibly ready for
release/production" state to reduce any friction with creating a new
release.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Change Branches
<ol>
<li>Each change (feature, bugfix, etc.) MUST be performed on separate
branches that SHOULD be referred to as "change branches". All change
branches MUST have descriptive names. It is RECOMMENDED that you commit
often locally, and you SHOULD regularly push your work to the same named
branch on the remote server.</li>
<li>You MUST create separate change branches for each distinctly different
change. You MUST NOT include multiple unrelated changes into a single
change branch.</li>
<li>When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target" branch, typically this will be the same
as the source branch.</li>
<li>Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch.</li>
<li>After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you to do a
force push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Pull Requests
<ol>
<li>To merge a change branch into its merge target, you MUST open a "pull
request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your changes.</li>
<li>A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.</li>
<li>To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, the RECOMMENDED way to do so is by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Versioning
<ol>
<li>The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.</li>
<li>If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.</li>
<li>The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<a href="http://semver.org/">http://semver.org/</a>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Releases
<ol>
<li>To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit which
changes the hard-coded version string of the project. The version bump
commit MUST have a git tag created on it and named as the exact version
string.</li>
<li>If you are not using a release branch, then the version bump commit MUST
be created directly on the master branch.</li>
<li>The version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"</li>
<li>The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". You
MUST not use a mix of "v" prefixed and non-prefixed tags. Pick one form
and stick to it.</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.</li>
<li>If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Any branch that has a name starting with "release-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "release branch".</li>
<li>Use of release branches is OPTIONAL.</li>
<li>Changes in a release branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place. One exception to this is version bump commits.</li>
<li>There are two types of release branches; short-term, and long-term.</li>
<li>Short-Term Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Used for creating a specific versioned release.</li>
<li>A short-term release branch is RECOMMENDED if there is a lengthy
pre-release verification process to avoid a code freeze on the master
branch.</li>
<li>MUST have a name of "release-VERSION". For example for version
"2.11.4" the release branch name MUST be "release-2.11.4".</li>
<li>When using a short-term release branch, the version bump commit and
release tag MUST be made directly on the release branch itself.</li>
<li>Only very minor changes should be performed on a short-term release
branch directly. Any larger changes SHOULD be done in the master
branch, and SHOULD be pulled into the release branch by rebasing it
on top of the master branch the same way a change branch pulls in
updates from its source branch.</li>
<li>After the version bump commit and release tag have been created, the
release branch MUST be merged back into its source branch and then
deleted. Typically the source branch will be the master branch.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Long-Term Release Branches
<ol>
<li>Used for work on versions which are not currently part of the master
branch. Typically this is useful when you need to create a new
maintenance release for a older version.</li>
<li>The branch name MUST have a non-specific version number. For example
a long-term release branch for creating new 2.9.x releases would be
named "release-2.9".</li>
<li>To create a new release from a long-term release branch, you MUST
create a version bump commit and release tag directly on the release
branch.</li>
<li>A long-term release branch MUST be created from the relevant release
tag. For example if the master branch is on version 2.11.4 and there
is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of which is
"2.9.7". Create a new branch called "release-2.9" off of the "2.9.7"
release tag. The security fix release will then end up being version
"2.9.8".</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Bug Fixes &amp; Rollback
<ol>
<li>You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch which has been merged into the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.</li>
<li>If a change branch is wrongfully merged into master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Git Best Practices
<ol>
<li>All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#_commit_guidelines">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#_commit_guidelines</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD never blindly commit all changes with "git commit -a". It is
RECOMMENDED you use "git add -i" to add individual changes to the staging
area so you are fully aware of what you are committing.</li>
<li>You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
regular "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<a href="https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/">https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/</a></li>
<li>You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing</a></li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".</li>
<li>It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the
commits, allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit,
and creates a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with
master.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="about">About</h2>
<p>The Git Common-Flow specification is authored
by <a href="http://jimeh.me">Jim Myhrberg</a>.</p>
<p>If you'd like to leave feedback,
please <a href="https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues">open an issue on GitHub</a>.</p>
<h2 id="license">License</h2>
<p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0</a></p>
</div>
</div>
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--- ---
title: Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.1 title: Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.3
version: 1.0.0-rc.1 version: 1.0.0-rc.3
--- ---
Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.1 Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.3
============================== ===========================
<img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.1.svg" width="100%" /> <img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.3.svg" width="100%" />
Summary Summary
------- -------
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@ the [original variant](http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html)
of [GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/), while taking of [GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/), while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git. into account how a lot of open source projects use git.
TL;DR: Common-Flow is basically GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned In short, Common-Flow is essentially GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, maintenance releases for old versions, and without the requirement to releases, optional release branches, and without the requirement to deploy to
deploy to production all the time. production all the time.
Terminology Terminology
----------- -----------
- **Master Branch** - Must always have passing tests, is considered bleeding - **Master Branch** - Must be named "master", must always have passing tests,
edge, and must be named `master`. and is not guaranteed to always work in production environments.
- **Change Branches** - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a - **Change Branches** - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc. bug fix, etc.
- **Source Branch** - The branch that a change branch was created from. New - **Source Branch** - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
@@ -33,17 +33,13 @@ Terminology
- **Merge Target** - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change - **Merge Target** - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch. branch.
- **Maintenance Branches** - Used for maintaining old versions and releasing
PATCH updates when the master branch has moved on. Should follow a
`stable-X.Y` naming pattern, where `X` is MAJOR version and `Y` is MINOR
version.
- **Pull Request** - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to - **Pull Request** - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes. its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.
- **Release** - Consists of a version bump commit directly on the master branch, - **Release** - May be considered safe to use in production
and a git tag named according to the new version string placed on said commit. environments. Consists of a version bump commit, and a git tag named according
- **Maintenance Release** - Just like a regular release, except the version bump to the new version string placed on said commit.
commit and release tag are on a maintenance branch instead of the master - **Release Branches** - Used both for short-term preparations of a release, and
branch. also for long-term maintenance of older version.
Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow) Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)
------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
@@ -52,60 +48,50 @@ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119). interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119).
1. The Master Branch 1. TL;DR
1. Don't break the master branch.
2. A release is a git tag.
2. The Master Branch
1. A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the 1. A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch". "master branch".
2. The master branch MUST be considered bleeding edge. 2. The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
3. The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing. suite passing.
4. The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possible ready for 4. The master branch IS NOT guaranteed to always work in production
release/production" state to reduce the friction of creating a new environments. Despite test suites passing it may at times contain
unfinished work. Only releases may be considered safe for production use.
5. The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possibly ready for
release/production" state to reduce any friction with creating a new
release. release.
2. Changes 3. Change Branches
1. Changes MUST be performed on a separate branch that SHOULD be referred to 1. Each change (feature, bugfix, etc.) MUST be performed on separate
as a "change branch". All change branches MUST have descriptive names. It branches that SHOULD be referred to as "change branches". All change
is RECOMMENDED that you commit often locally, and you SHOULD regularly branches MUST have descriptive names. It is RECOMMENDED that you commit
push your work to the same named branch on the remote server. often locally, and you SHOULD regularly push your work to the same named
2. When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from branch on the remote server.
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also 2. You MUST create separate change branches for each distinctly different
needs a designated "merge target branch", typically this will be the same change. You MUST NOT include multiple unrelated changes into a single
as the source branch.
3. Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch. To be clear you MUST NOT merge a source branch into a
change branch. change branch.
4. After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push 3. When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you do a force SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option. needs a designated "merge target" branch, typically this will be the same
5. To merge a change branch into its merge target branch, you MUST open a as the source branch.
"pull request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your 4. Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
changes. source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
6. A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date the source branch.
5. After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you to do a
force push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.
4. Pull Requests
1. To merge a change branch into its merge target, you MUST open a "pull
request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your changes.
2. A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch. is the master branch.
7. To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with 3. To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, it is RECOMMENDED you do this by creating a pull request and others, the RECOMMENDED way to do so is by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there. discuss the changes with others there.
3. Git Best Practices 5. Versioning
1. All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project>
2. You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
plain "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/>
3. You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing>
4. It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".
5. It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the commits,
allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit, and creates
a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with master.
4. Versioning
1. The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the 1. The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION" code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project. located in the root of the project.
@@ -115,58 +101,103 @@ interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119).
(<http://semver.org/>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL, (<http://semver.org/>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4" but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good. is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.
5. Releases 6. Releases
1. To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit directly 1. To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit which
on the master branch which changes the hard-coded version value of the changes the hard-coded version string of the project. The version bump
project. The version bump commit MUST have a git tag created on it and commit MUST have a git tag created on it and named as the exact version
named as the exact version string. string.
2. A version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version 2. If you are not using a release branch, then the version bump commit MUST
be created directly on the master branch.
3. The version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4" first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"
3. The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same 4. The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". "v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". You
4. It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can MUST not use a mix of "v" prefixed and non-prefixed tags. Pick one form
and stick to it.
5. It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself. information in the release tag itself.
5. If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST 6. If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line. be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.
6. Bug Fixes & Rollback 7. Release Branches
1. You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch. 1. Any branch that has a name starting with "release-" SHOULD be referred to
2. If a change branch which has been merged in to the master branch is found as a "release branch".
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate 2. Use of release branches is OPTIONAL.
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change 3. Changes in a release branch SHOULD typically come from work being
branch.
3. If a change branch is wrongfully merged in to master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.
7. Maintenance Releases
1. Any branch that has a name starting with "stable-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "maintenance branch".
2. Maintenance branches are used for managing new releases of older
versions. Typically this is used to provide security updates for older
versions when the master branch has moved on to a point that a new
release for the old version cannot be made from the master branch.
3. A "maintenance release" is identical to a regular release, except the
version bump commit and the release tag are placed on the maintenance
branch instead of on the master branch.
3. A maintenance branch SHOULD follow a "stable-X.Y" naming pattern, where
"X" is the MAJOR version and "Y" is the minor version.
4. A maintenance branch MUST be created from the relevant release tag. For
example if there is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of
which is "2.9.7", we create a new branch called "stable-2.9" off of the
"2.9.7" release tag. The security fix release will then end up being
version "2.9.8".
5. When working on a maintenance release, the relevant maintenance branch
MUST be thought of as the master branch for that maintenance work.
6. Changes in a maintenance branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place. branch in the first place. One exception to this is version bump commits.
4. There are two types of release branches; short-term, and long-term.
5. Short-Term Release Branches
1. Used for creating a specific versioned release.
2. A short-term release branch is RECOMMENDED if there is a lengthy
pre-release verification process to avoid a code freeze on the master
branch.
3. MUST have a name of "release-VERSION". For example for version
"2.11.4" the release branch name MUST be "release-2.11.4".
4. When using a short-term release branch, the version bump commit and
release tag MUST be made directly on the release branch itself.
5. Only very minor changes should be performed on a short-term release
branch directly. Any larger changes SHOULD be done in the master
branch, and SHOULD be pulled into the release branch by rebasing it
on top of the master branch the same way a change branch pulls in
updates from its source branch.
6. After the version bump commit and release tag have been created, the
release branch MUST be merged back into its source branch and then
deleted. Typically the source branch will be the master branch.
6. Long-Term Release Branches
1. Used for work on versions which are not currently part of the master
branch. Typically this is useful when you need to create a new
maintenance release for a older version.
2. The branch name MUST have a non-specific version number. For example
a long-term release branch for creating new 2.9.x releases would be
named "release-2.9".
3. To create a new release from a long-term release branch, you MUST
create a version bump commit and release tag directly on the release
branch.
4. A long-term release branch MUST be created from the relevant release
tag. For example if the master branch is on version 2.11.4 and there
is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of which is
"2.9.7". Create a new branch called "release-2.9" off of the "2.9.7"
release tag. The security fix release will then end up being version
"2.9.8".
8. Bug Fixes & Rollback
1. You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.
2. If a change branch which has been merged into the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.
3. If a change branch is wrongfully merged into master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.
9. Git Best Practices
1. All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#_commit_guidelines>
2. You SHOULD never blindly commit all changes with "git commit -a". It is
RECOMMENDED you use "git add -i" to add individual changes to the staging
area so you are fully aware of what you are committing.
3. You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
regular "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/>
4. You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing>
5. It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".
6. It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the
commits, allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit,
and creates a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with
master.
About About
----- -----

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@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
---
title: Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.2
version: 1.0.0-rc.2
---
Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.2
==============================
<img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.2.svg" width="100%" />
Summary
-------
Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the [original variant](http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html)
of [GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/), while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.
TL;DR: Common-Flow is basically GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, maintenance releases for old versions, and without the requirement to
deploy to production all the time.
Terminology
-----------
- **Master Branch** - Must always have passing tests, is considered bleeding
edge, and must be named `master`.
- **Change Branches** - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.
- **Source Branch** - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.
- **Merge Target** - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.
- **Pull Request** - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.
- **Release** - Consists of a version bump commit, and a git tag named according
to the new version string placed on said commit.
- **Release Branches** - Used both for short-term preparations of a release, and
also for long-term maintenance of older version.
Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)
-------------------------------------------
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119).
1. The Master Branch
1. A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".
2. The master branch MUST be considered bleeding edge.
3. The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.
4. The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possibly ready for
release/production" state to reduce any friction with creating a new
release.
2. Change Branches
1. Each change (feature, bugfix, etc.) MUST be performed on separate
branches that SHOULD be referred to as "change branches". All change
branches MUST have descriptive names. It is RECOMMENDED that you commit
often locally, and you SHOULD regularly push your work to the same named
branch on the remote server.
2. You MUST create separate change branches for each distinctly different
change. You MUST NOT include multiple unrelated changes into a single
change branch.
3. When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target" branch, typically this will be the same
as the source branch.
4. Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch.
5. After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you to do a
force push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.
3. Pull Requests
1. To merge a change branch into its merge target, you MUST open a "pull
request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your changes.
2. A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.
3. To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, the RECOMMENDED way to do so is by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.
4. Versioning
1. The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.
2. If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.
3. The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<http://semver.org/>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.
5. Releases
1. To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit which
changes the hard-coded version string of the project. The version bump
commit MUST have a git tag created on it and named as the exact version
string.
2. If you are not using a release branch, then the version bump commit MUST
be created directly on the master branch.
3. The version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"
4. The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". You
MUST not use a mix of "v" prefixed and non-prefixed tags. Pick one form
and stick to it.
5. It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.
6. If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.
6. Release Branches
1. Any branch that has a name starting with "release-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "release branch".
2. Use of release branches is OPTIONAL.
3. Changes in a release branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place. One exception to this is version bump commits.
4. There are two types of release branches; short-term, and long-term.
5. Short-Term Release Branches
1. Used for creating a specific versioned release.
2. A short-term release branch is RECOMMENDED if there is a lengthy
pre-release verification process to avoid a code freeze on the master
branch.
3. MUST have a name of "release-VERSION". For example for version
"2.11.4" the release branch name MUST be "release-2.11.4".
4. When using a short-term release branch, the version bump commit and
release tag MUST be made directly on the release branch itself.
5. Only very minor changes should be performed on a short-term release
branch directly. Any larger changes SHOULD be done in the master
branch, and SHOULD be pulled into the release branch by rebasing it
on top of the master branch the same way a change branch pulls in
updates from its source branch.
6. After the version bump commit and release tag have been created, the
release branch MUST be merged back into its source branch and then
deleted. Typically the source branch will be the master branch.
6. Long-Term Release Branches
1. Used for work on versions which are not currently part of the master
branch. Typically this is useful when you need to create a new
maintenance release for a older version.
2. The branch name MUST have a non-specific version number. For example
a long-term release branch for creating new 2.9.x releases would be
named "release-2.9".
3. To create a new release from a long-term release branch, you MUST
create a version bump commit and release tag directly on the release
branch.
4. A long-term release branch MUST be created from the relevant release
tag. For example if the master branch is on version 2.11.4 and there
is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of which is
"2.9.7". Create a new branch called "release-2.9" off of the "2.9.7"
release tag. The security fix release will then end up being version
"2.9.8".
7. Bug Fixes & Rollback
1. You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.
2. If a change branch which has been merged into the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.
3. If a change branch is wrongfully merged into master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.
8. Git Best Practices
1. All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project>
2. You SHOULD never blindly commit all changes with "git commit -a". It is
RECOMMENDED you use "git add -i" to add individual changes to the staging
area so you are fully aware of what you are committing.
3. You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
regular "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/>
4. You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing>
5. It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".
6. It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the
commits, allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit,
and creates a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with
master.
About
-----
The Git Common-Flow specification is authored
by [Jim Myhrberg](http://jimeh.me).
If you'd like to leave feedback,
please [open an issue on GitHub](https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues).
License
-------
[Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)

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---
title: Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.3
version: 1.0.0-rc.3
---
Git Common-Flow 1.0.0-rc.3
===========================
<img src="/spec/1.0.0-rc.3.svg" width="100%" />
Summary
-------
Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the [original variant](http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html)
of [GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/), while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.
In short, Common-Flow is essentially GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, optional release branches, and without the requirement to deploy to
production all the time.
Terminology
-----------
- **Master Branch** - Must be named "master", must always have passing tests,
and is not guaranteed to always work in production environments.
- **Change Branches** - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.
- **Source Branch** - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.
- **Merge Target** - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.
- **Pull Request** - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.
- **Release** - May be considered safe to use in production
environments. Consists of a version bump commit, and a git tag named according
to the new version string placed on said commit.
- **Release Branches** - Used both for short-term preparations of a release, and
also for long-term maintenance of older version.
Git Common-Flow Specification (Common-Flow)
-------------------------------------------
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119).
1. TL;DR
1. Don't break the master branch.
2. A release is a git tag.
2. The Master Branch
1. A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".
2. The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.
4. The master branch IS NOT guaranteed to always work in production
environments. Despite test suites passing it may at times contain
unfinished work. Only releases may be considered safe for production use.
5. The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possibly ready for
release/production" state to reduce any friction with creating a new
release.
3. Change Branches
1. Each change (feature, bugfix, etc.) MUST be performed on separate
branches that SHOULD be referred to as "change branches". All change
branches MUST have descriptive names. It is RECOMMENDED that you commit
often locally, and you SHOULD regularly push your work to the same named
branch on the remote server.
2. You MUST create separate change branches for each distinctly different
change. You MUST NOT include multiple unrelated changes into a single
change branch.
3. When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target" branch, typically this will be the same
as the source branch.
4. Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch.
5. After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you to do a
force push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.
4. Pull Requests
1. To merge a change branch into its merge target, you MUST open a "pull
request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your changes.
2. A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.
3. To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, the RECOMMENDED way to do so is by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.
5. Versioning
1. The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.
2. If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.
3. The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<http://semver.org/>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.
6. Releases
1. To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit which
changes the hard-coded version string of the project. The version bump
commit MUST have a git tag created on it and named as the exact version
string.
2. If you are not using a release branch, then the version bump commit MUST
be created directly on the master branch.
3. The version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"
4. The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4". You
MUST not use a mix of "v" prefixed and non-prefixed tags. Pick one form
and stick to it.
5. It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.
6. If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.
7. Release Branches
1. Any branch that has a name starting with "release-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "release branch".
2. Use of release branches is OPTIONAL.
3. Changes in a release branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place. One exception to this is version bump commits.
4. There are two types of release branches; short-term, and long-term.
5. Short-Term Release Branches
1. Used for creating a specific versioned release.
2. A short-term release branch is RECOMMENDED if there is a lengthy
pre-release verification process to avoid a code freeze on the master
branch.
3. MUST have a name of "release-VERSION". For example for version
"2.11.4" the release branch name MUST be "release-2.11.4".
4. When using a short-term release branch, the version bump commit and
release tag MUST be made directly on the release branch itself.
5. Only very minor changes should be performed on a short-term release
branch directly. Any larger changes SHOULD be done in the master
branch, and SHOULD be pulled into the release branch by rebasing it
on top of the master branch the same way a change branch pulls in
updates from its source branch.
6. After the version bump commit and release tag have been created, the
release branch MUST be merged back into its source branch and then
deleted. Typically the source branch will be the master branch.
6. Long-Term Release Branches
1. Used for work on versions which are not currently part of the master
branch. Typically this is useful when you need to create a new
maintenance release for a older version.
2. The branch name MUST have a non-specific version number. For example
a long-term release branch for creating new 2.9.x releases would be
named "release-2.9".
3. To create a new release from a long-term release branch, you MUST
create a version bump commit and release tag directly on the release
branch.
4. A long-term release branch MUST be created from the relevant release
tag. For example if the master branch is on version 2.11.4 and there
is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of which is
"2.9.7". Create a new branch called "release-2.9" off of the "2.9.7"
release tag. The security fix release will then end up being version
"2.9.8".
8. Bug Fixes & Rollback
1. You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.
2. If a change branch which has been merged into the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.
3. If a change branch is wrongfully merged into master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.
9. Git Best Practices
1. All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#_commit_guidelines>
2. You SHOULD never blindly commit all changes with "git commit -a". It is
RECOMMENDED you use "git add -i" to add individual changes to the staging
area so you are fully aware of what you are committing.
3. You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
regular "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/>
4. You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing>
5. It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".
6. It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the
commits, allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit,
and creates a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with
master.
About
-----
The Git Common-Flow specification is authored
by [Jim Myhrberg](http://jimeh.me).
If you'd like to leave feedback,
please [open an issue on GitHub](https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues).
License
-------
[Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)

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