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Git Common-Flow
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A sensible git workflow for teams who ship
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Key Principles
</h3> <div class="prose-spec"><p>Common-Flow is an attempt to gather a sensible selection of the most common
usage patterns of git into a single and concise specification. It is based on
the <a href="http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html">original variant</a>
of <a href="https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/">GitHub Flow</a>, while taking
into account how a lot of open source projects use git.</p>
<p>TL;DR: Common-Flow is basically GitHub Flow with the addition of versioned
releases, maintenance releases for old versions, and without the requirement to
deploy to production all the time.</p></div> </div> <!-- Feedback & License --> <div class="pt-8 border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-neutral-800"> <div class="grid sm:grid-cols-2 gap-8"> <div> <h4 class="text-sm font-semibold uppercase tracking-wider mb-3
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Feedback
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Please <a href="https://github.com/jimeh/common-flow/issues" class="text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-400" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">open an issue on GitHub</a>.
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License
</h4> <div class="text-gray-600 dark:text-neutral-400"><p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0</a></p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="spec" class="py-20 sm:py-28"> <div class="section-container"> <div class="mb-12 text-center max-w-3xl mx-auto"> <h2 class="text-3xl sm:text-4xl mb-4">The Specification</h2> <p class="text-lg text-gray-600 dark:text-neutral-400"> The complete Git Common-Flow specification </p> </div> <div class="flex justify-center mb-8 -mt-8"> <a href="/spec/1.0.0-rc.1/raw" class="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 text-sm
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View Raw Markdown
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Table of Contents
</div> <a href="#terminology" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="terminology"> <span>Terminology</span> </a><a href="#specification" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="specification"> <span>Specification</span> </a><a href="#clause-1" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-1"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 1. </span> <span>The Master Branch</span> </a><a href="#clause-2" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-2"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 2. </span> <span>Changes</span> </a><a href="#clause-3" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-3"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 3. </span> <span>Git Best Practices</span> </a><a href="#clause-4" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-4"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 4. </span> <span>Versioning</span> </a><a href="#clause-5" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-5"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 5. </span> <span>Releases</span> </a><a href="#clause-6" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-6"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 6. </span> <span>Bug Fixes &amp; Rollback</span> </a><a href="#clause-7" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-sidebar-link data-section-id="clause-7"> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 7. </span> <span>Maintenance Releases</span> </a> </nav> </aside> <!-- Mobile floating button --> <button id="spec-toc-toggle" class="lg:hidden fixed bottom-6 right-6 z-40
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Jump to Section
</span> <button class="p-2 rounded-lg hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800" data-toc-close aria-label="Close"> <svg width="1em" height="1em" class="w-5 h-5" data-icon="heroicons:x-mark"> <symbol id="ai:heroicons:x-mark" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12"/></symbol><use href="#ai:heroicons:x-mark"></use> </svg> </button> </div> <nav class="space-y-1"> <a href="#terminology" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800" data-toc-link> <span>Terminology</span> </a><a href="#specification" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800" data-toc-link> <span>Specification</span> </a><a href="#clause-1" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 1. </span> <span>The Master Branch</span> </a><a href="#clause-2" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 2. </span> <span>Changes</span> </a><a href="#clause-3" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 3. </span> <span>Git Best Practices</span> </a><a href="#clause-4" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 4. </span> <span>Versioning</span> </a><a href="#clause-5" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 5. </span> <span>Releases</span> </a><a href="#clause-6" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 6. </span> <span>Bug Fixes &amp; Rollback</span> </a><a href="#clause-7" class="sidebar-link block py-2 px-4 text-sm rounded-md transition-colors text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-950 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-neutral-500 dark:hover:text-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 pl-6 text-[0.8125rem] flex" data-toc-link> <span class="shrink-0 w-6 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-600"> 7. </span> <span>Maintenance Releases</span> </a> </nav> </div> </div> <script type="module" src="/_astro/SpecSidebar.astro_astro_type_script_index_0_lang.BQBj5HuJ.js"></script> </div> <!-- Main content --> <div class="flex-1 min-w-0"> <article class="prose-spec"> <!-- Terminology --> <section id="terminology"> <h2>Terminology</h2> <ul>
<li><strong>Master Branch</strong> - Must always have passing tests, is considered bleeding
edge, and must be named <code>master</code>.</li>
<li><strong>Change Branches</strong> - Any branch that introduces changes like a new feature, a
bug fix, etc.</li>
<li><strong>Source Branch</strong> - The branch that a change branch was created from. New
changes in the source branch should be incorporated into the change branch via
rebasing.</li>
<li><strong>Merge Target</strong> - A branch that is the intended merge target for a change
branch. Typically the merge target branch will be the same as the source
branch.</li>
<li><strong>Maintenance Branches</strong> - Used for maintaining old versions and releasing
PATCH updates when the master branch has moved on. Should follow a
<code>stable-X.Y</code> naming pattern, where <code>X</code> is MAJOR version and <code>Y</code> is MINOR
version.</li>
<li><strong>Pull Request</strong> - A means of requesting that a change branch is merged in to
its merge target, allowing others to review, discuss and approve the changes.</li>
<li><strong>Release</strong> - Consists of a version bump commit directly on the master branch,
and a git tag named according to the new version string placed on said commit.</li>
<li><strong>Maintenance Release</strong> - Just like a regular release, except the version bump
commit and release tag are on a maintenance branch instead of the master
branch.</li>
</ul> </section> <!-- Main specification --> <section id="specification"> <h2>Specification</h2> <p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be
interpreted as described in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>.</p>
<ol>
<li id="clause-1"><a href="#clause-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>1.</a>The Master Branch
<ol>
<li id="clause-1-1"><a href="#clause-1-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>1.1.</a>A branch named "master" MUST exist and it MUST be referred to as the
"master branch".</li>
<li id="clause-1-2"><a href="#clause-1-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>1.2.</a>The master branch MUST be considered bleeding edge.</li>
<li id="clause-1-3"><a href="#clause-1-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>1.3.</a>The master branch MUST always be in a non-broken state with its test
suite passing.</li>
<li id="clause-1-4"><a href="#clause-1-4" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>1.4.</a>The master branch SHOULD always be in a "as near as possible ready for
release/production" state to reduce the friction of creating a new
release.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li id="clause-2"><a href="#clause-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.</a>Changes
<ol>
<li id="clause-2-1"><a href="#clause-2-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.1.</a>Changes MUST be performed on a separate branch that SHOULD be referred to
as a "change branch". All change branches MUST have descriptive names. It
is RECOMMENDED that you commit often locally, and you SHOULD regularly
push your work to the same named branch on the remote server.</li>
<li id="clause-2-2"><a href="#clause-2-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.2.</a>When a change branch is created, the branch that it is created from
SHOULD be referred to as the "source branch". Each change branch also
needs a designated "merge target branch", typically this will be the same
as the source branch.</li>
<li id="clause-2-3"><a href="#clause-2-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.3.</a>Change branches MUST be regularly updated with any changes from their
source branch. This MUST be done by rebasing the change branch on top of
the source branch. To be clear you MUST NOT merge a source branch into a
change branch.</li>
<li id="clause-2-4"><a href="#clause-2-4" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.4.</a>After rebasing a change branch on top of its source branch you MUST push
the change branch to the remote server. This will require you do a force
push, and you SHOULD use the "--force-with-lease" git push option.</li>
<li id="clause-2-5"><a href="#clause-2-5" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.5.</a>To merge a change branch into its merge target branch, you MUST open a
"pull request" (or equivalent) so others can review and approve your
changes.</li>
<li id="clause-2-6"><a href="#clause-2-6" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.6.</a>A pull request MUST only be merged when the change branch is up-to-date
with its source branch, the test suite is passing, and you and others are
happy with the change. This is especially important if the merge target
is the master branch.</li>
<li id="clause-2-7"><a href="#clause-2-7" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>2.7.</a>To get feedback, help, or generally just discuss a change branch with
others, it is RECOMMENDED you do this by creating a pull request and
discuss the changes with others there.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li id="clause-3"><a href="#clause-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>3.</a>Git Best Practices
<ol>
<li id="clause-3-1"><a href="#clause-3-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>3.1.</a>All commit messages SHOULD follow the Commit Guidelines and format from
the official git
documentation:
<a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project</a></li>
<li id="clause-3-2"><a href="#clause-3-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>3.2.</a>You SHOULD always use "--force-with-lease" when doing a force push. The
plain "--force" option is dangerous and destructive. More
information:
<a href="https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/">https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/04/force-with-lease/</a></li>
<li id="clause-3-3"><a href="#clause-3-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>3.3.</a>You SHOULD understand and be comfortable with
rebasing: <a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing</a></li>
<li id="clause-3-4"><a href="#clause-3-4" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>3.4.</a>It is RECOMMENDED that you always do "git pull --rebase" instead of "git
pull" to avoid unnecessary merge commits. You can make this the default
behavior of "git pull" with "git config --global pull.rebase true".</li>
<li id="clause-3-5"><a href="#clause-3-5" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>3.5.</a>It is RECOMMENDED that all branches be merged using "git merge --no-ff".
This makes sure the reference to the original branch is kept in the commits,
allows one to revert a merge by reverting a single merge commit, and creates
a merge commit to mark the integration of the branch with master.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li id="clause-4"><a href="#clause-4" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>4.</a>Versioning
<ol>
<li id="clause-4-1"><a href="#clause-4-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>4.1.</a>The project MUST have its version hard-coded somewhere in the
code-base. It is RECOMMENDED that this is done in a file called "VERSION"
located in the root of the project.</li>
<li id="clause-4-2"><a href="#clause-4-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>4.2.</a>If you are using a "VERSION" file in the root of the project, this MUST
only contain the exact version string.</li>
<li id="clause-4-3"><a href="#clause-4-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>4.3.</a>The version string SHOULD follow the Semantic Versioning
(<a href="http://semver.org/">http://semver.org/</a>) format. Use of Semantic Versioning is OPTIONAL,
but the version string MUST NOT have a "v" prefix. For example "v2.11.4"
is bad, and "2.11.4" is good.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li id="clause-5"><a href="#clause-5" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>5.</a>Releases
<ol>
<li id="clause-5-1"><a href="#clause-5-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>5.1.</a>To create a new release, you MUST create a "version bump" commit directly
on the master branch which changes the hard-coded version value of the
project. The version bump commit MUST have a git tag created on it and
named as the exact version string.</li>
<li id="clause-5-2"><a href="#clause-5-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>5.2.</a>A version bump commit MUST have a commit message title of "Bump version
to VERSION". For example, if the new version string is "2.11.4", the
first line of the commit message MUST read: "Bump version to 2.11.4"</li>
<li id="clause-5-3"><a href="#clause-5-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>5.3.</a>The release tag on the version bump commit MUST be named exactly the same
as the version string. The tag name can OPTIONALLY be prefixed with
"v". For example the tag name can be either "2.11.4" or "v2.11.4".</li>
<li id="clause-5-4"><a href="#clause-5-4" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>5.4.</a>It is RECOMMENDED that release tags are lightweight tags, but you can
OPTIONALLY use annotated tags if you want to include changelog
information in the release tag itself.</li>
<li id="clause-5-5"><a href="#clause-5-5" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>5.5.</a>If you use annotated release tags, the first line of the annotation MUST
read "Release VERSION". For example for version "2.11.4" the first line
of the tag annotation would read "Release 2.11.4". The second line must
be blank, and the changelog MUST start on the third line.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li id="clause-6"><a href="#clause-6" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>6.</a>Bug Fixes &#x26; Rollback
<ol>
<li id="clause-6-1"><a href="#clause-6-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>6.1.</a>You MUST NOT under any circumstances force push to the master branch.</li>
<li id="clause-6-2"><a href="#clause-6-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>6.2.</a>If a change branch which has been merged in to the master branch is found
to have a bug in it, the bug fix work MUST be done as a new separate
change branch and MUST follow the same workflow as any other change
branch.</li>
<li id="clause-6-3"><a href="#clause-6-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>6.3.</a>If a change branch is wrongfully merged in to master, or for any other
reason the merge must be undone, you MUST undo the merge by reverting the
merge commit itself. Effectively creating a new commit that reverses all
the relevant changes.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li id="clause-7"><a href="#clause-7" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.</a>Maintenance Releases
<ol>
<li id="clause-7-1"><a href="#clause-7-1" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.1.</a>Any branch that has a name starting with "stable-" SHOULD be referred to
as a "maintenance branch".</li>
<li id="clause-7-2"><a href="#clause-7-2" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.2.</a>Maintenance branches are used for managing new releases of older
versions. Typically this is used to provide security updates for older
versions when the master branch has moved on to a point that a new
release for the old version cannot be made from the master branch.</li>
<li id="clause-7-3"><a href="#clause-7-3" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.3.</a>A "maintenance release" is identical to a regular release, except the
version bump commit and the release tag are placed on the maintenance
branch instead of on the master branch.</li>
<li id="clause-7-4"><a href="#clause-7-4" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.4.</a>A maintenance branch SHOULD follow a "stable-X.Y" naming pattern, where
"X" is the MAJOR version and "Y" is the minor version.</li>
<li id="clause-7-5"><a href="#clause-7-5" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.5.</a>A maintenance branch MUST be created from the relevant release tag. For
example if there is a security fix for all 2.9.x releases, the latest of
which is "2.9.7", we create a new branch called "stable-2.9" off of the
"2.9.7" release tag. The security fix release will then end up being
version "2.9.8".</li>
<li id="clause-7-6"><a href="#clause-7-6" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.6.</a>When working on a maintenance release, the relevant maintenance branch
MUST be thought of as the master branch for that maintenance work.</li>
<li id="clause-7-7"><a href="#clause-7-7" class="clause-link" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="clause-link-icon" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M13.19 8.688a4.5 4.5 0 0 1 1.242 7.244l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 1-6.364-6.364l1.757-1.757m13.35-.622l1.757-1.757a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-6.364-6.364l-4.5 4.5a4.5 4.5 0 0 0 1.242 7.244"/></svg>7.7.</a>Changes in a maintenance branch SHOULD typically come from work being
done against the master branch. Meaning changes SHOULD only trickle
downwards from the master branch. If a change needs to trickle back up
into the master branch, that work should have happened against the master
branch in the first place.</li>
</ol>
</li>
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